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Digital camera solutions are being relied upon more and more frequently – the high sensitivity of camera sensors and the quick availability of the images are only two reasons for this new trend.
In Biology and Medicine digital imaging allows the documentation of increasingly sensitive research methods. Techniques like FRET or the tracking of single fluorescent molecules in live cells deliver light intensities which are beyond the recording capacities of wetfilm cameras.
The sectors of industry materials testing and materials analysis have also benefited from the digital imaging technology – it has facilitated the production of new alloys and synthetic materials tremendously.
The core piece of a digital camera is the image sensor. Its basic functionalities along with important features of image generation, light sensitivity and resolution shall be explained in the following chapters.
Furthermore the basic optical principles and main features of extended digital imaging will be presented.
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