Highlights

Improving clinical workflows for cancer treatments

Full DICOM (digital imaging and communications in medicine) connectivity offers customizable integration of the ZEISS INTRABEAM 600 into your hospital infrastructure for pre-, intra- and post-treatment workflows (e.g. PACS, a picture archiving and communication system) while ensuring secure data exchange and on-site documentation possibilities.

Enhancing usability of radiotherapy equipment

The user-friendly GUI (graphical user interface) of the INTRABEAM 600 from ZEISS makes it easy to deliver IORT treatments, offering treatment modalities for supported oncological indications. The ergonomic design of the new INTRABEAM 600 is tailored so as to improve ease of use for all quality assurance procedures, creating a modern working atmosphere.

Demonstrating a new level of precision

With radiance* the INTRABEAM 600 from ZEISS integrates the first available 3D treatment planning simulation software for IORT. For pre-, intra- and post-treatment operations, radiance offers the possibility of case selection and dose computation near critical organs with the Monte Carlo algorithm to correct tissue heterogeneity and enables easy documentation.

Investing wisely in your radiotherapy potential

The ZEISS INTRABEAM 600 provides a mobile radiotherapy solution for multiple indications, allowing radiation oncologists to cater to various surgical specialties with minimum interference to established surgical workflows. All solutions can be easily installed in your hospital and do not require any structural radiation protection measures, which saves time and money.¹

^{* radiance is a product of GMV Innovating Solutions S.L., Spain.}

¹ _{Schneider, F., Clausen, S., Jahnke, A., Steil, V., Bludau, F., Sütterlin, M., … Wenz, F. (2014). Radiation protection for an intraoperative X-ray source compared to C-arm fluoroscopy. Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Physik, 24(3), 243–251.}

IORT Benefits

Focusing on your patient
ZEISS helps you provide patients with treatment options in addition to the conventional standard of care. Radiation with INTRABEAM from ZEISS enables an individual treatment that minimizes collateral tissue exposure with a shorter duration of the radiation therapy compared to external beam radiation therapy (EBRT).
Targeted applications without delay
Local irradiation of the tumor or the tumor bed can be prescribed as a single treatment or as a boost treatment combined with external beam radiotherapy.

Unifying proven IORT advantages in one solution
Low-energy X-rays have a high relative biological effectiveness due to the higher ionization density of radiation in tissue compared to megavolt X-rays. Additionally, due to the steep dose falloff, the tissue of interest is irradiated in a way that reduces collateral damage, which is a special characteristic of low-energy radiation. Therefore, radiation can be applied immediately to well-vascularized tissue after R0 resection and also after incomplete tumor resections in R1 and R2 scenarios.^1,2
Made by ZEISS
Keep your clinical institution at the forefront of oncology with ZEISS as your experienced partner for medical equipment with innovative products and hundreds of installed systems around the world.

¹ _{Liu, Q., Schneider, F., Ma, L., Wenz, F., & Herskind, C. (2013). Relative Biologic Effectiveness (RBE) of 50 kV X-rays Measured in a Phantom for Intraoperative Tumor-Bed Irradiation. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 85(4), 1127–1133.}

² _{Eaton, D. J., & Duck, S. (2010). Dosimetry measurements with an intra-operative x-ray device. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 55(12), N359–N369.}

Technical Data

ZEISS INTRABEAM 600

As third generation of IORT device from ZEISS, the new INTRABEAM 600 is the first fully integrated and connected treatment platform for IORT addressing multiple clinical needs in one solution. With the new graphical user interface the software supports various oncological indications. Also the integrated design simplifies quality assurance workflows and DICOM connectivity addresses various clinical needs such as bidirectional communication and the possibility of treatment simulation, expanding the radiotherapy environment for the radiation oncologist and giving them the capability to collaboratively work on cases.

Technical Data

ZEISS INTRABEAM Workplace

Total weight with full configuration	max. 155 kg / (341.72 lbs)
Dimensions	900mm x 1690mm x 600mm / 35.43" x 66.54" x 23.62" (width x height x depth)
Nominal voltage ranges, switchable	(115V) 110V – 125V (230V) 220V – 240V
Rated frequency	50Hz – 60Hz
Connected load	300VA

Control Console 600

Weight	4.50 kg (9.92 lbs)
Dimensions	305mm x 89mm x 381mm / 12.00" x 3.50" x 15.00" (width x height x depth)
Power connection	Via workplace isolating transformer
Input voltage	100 V - 240 V
Rated frequency	50 Hz - 60 Hz
Power consumption	60 VA
Selectable operating parameters: (Accelerating voltage / Beam current)	40 kV / 40 μA 50 kV / 5, 10, 20 or 40 μA is the maximum current of the X-ray tube over the entire voltage range.

^{Notice: The information provided shows only an extract of the instructions for use. For additional information please consult the appropriate instructions for use in full.}

Physics

Physical Characteristics

X-ray source (XRS)

Electrons are emitted and accelerated to a potential of 50 kV in this miniaturized linear accelerator. The electron beam is guided through a drift tube before impinging on a gold target which results in the generation of low-energy X-rays. The miniaturized linear accelerator has been uniquely designed to generate the spherical dose distribution emitted from the center of the probe tip. The increased ionization density of the radiation in the tissue leads to relatively high biological effectiveness in the near range. At the same time, the periphery is protected through the steep physical depth dose gradient of this type of radiation. This means that the therapeutic dose can be targeted at the area of interest only therefore sparing healthy tissue.

Loading the player...

Quality Assurance and Dosimetry

A full set of quality assurance and dosimetry tools is provided with the radiotherapy equipment. The factory-calibrated radiotherapy machine is delivered with the specific depth dose curves and a reference measurement with the ion chamber integral to the INTRABEAM^® from ZEISS. Prior to every treatment, a two-step quality control check ensures that all parameters such as isotropy, internal radiation monitor and dose output do not exceed the tolerances defined during calibration. A completely shielded, manually adjustable ZEISS INTRABEAM Water Phantom can be used to verify the depth dose curve and isotropy.

^{Notice: The information provided shows only an extract of the instructions for use. For additional information please consult the appropriate instructions for use in full.}

Literature

IORT Applications Overview

The following is for educational purposes only. For FDA-cleared INTRABEAM^® Indications for Use, see indications 510k.

1. Brain Tumors

Armoogum, K., Parry, J., Mackay, C., Thompson, A., Vaidya, J., Ackland, C., … Eljamel, S. (2007). Implementation and Experiences of an Intraoperative Radiotherapy Service. Clinical Oncology, 19(3), S8–S9.

Brehmer, S., Guthier, C. V, Clausen, S., Schneider, F., Schulte, D. M., Benker, M., … Giordano, F. A. (2016). Combined stereotactic biopsy and stepping-source interstitial irradiation of unresectable glioblastoma multiforme. Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences.

Cosgrove, G. R., Hochberg, F. H., Zervas, N. T., Pardo, F. S., Valenzuela, R. F., & Chapman, P. (1997). Interstitial irradiation of brain tumors, using a miniature radiosurgery device: initial experience. Neurosurgery, 40(3), 518-23–5.

Dinsmore, M., Yanch, J. C., Sliski, A. P., & Harte, K. J. (1994). New X-ray generator for interstitial radiotherapy. Transact. Amer. Nuclear Soc., 70, 24–25.

Eljamel, M. S., Liaguart, I., Perry, J., Mowle, D., Ballantyne, E., Ackland, C., & Munro, A. (2008). Intraoperative radiotherapy using mobile miniture X-ray source in malignant brain tumors.

Giordano, F. A., Brehmer, S., Abo-Madyan, Y., Welzel, G., Sperk, E., Keller, A., … Wenz, F. (2014). INTRAGO: intraoperative radiotherapy in glioblastoma multiforme – a Phase I/II dose escalation study. BMC Cancer, 14(1), 992.

Giordano, F. A., Brehmer, S., Muerle, B., Welzel, G., Sperk, E., Schneider, F., … Wenz, F. (2016). Initial Results of a Phase 1/2 Trial on Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT) in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Multiforme (INTRAGO). International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 96(2S), E67–E68.

Giordano, F. A., Wenz, F., & Petrecca, K. (2016). Rationale for intraoperative radiotherapy in glioblastoma. Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences, 60(3), 350–6.

Gzell, C., Back, M., Wheeler, H., Bailey, D., & Foote, M. (2016). Radiotherapy in Glioblastoma: the Past, the Present and the Future. Clinical Oncology.

Han, X., Fu, B., Wu, M., Zhang, H., Li, D., Zhang, J., … Sun, S. (2014). Intraoperative Radiotherapy with INTRABEAM in primary brain tumors after resection: Preliminary reports of 26 cases. Neuro-Oncology, 16.

Haneder, S., Giordano, F. A., Konstandin, S., Brehmer, S., Buesing, K. A., Schmiedek, P., … Ong, M. M. (2015). ²³ Na-MRI of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme after intraoperative radiotherapy: technical note. Neuroradiology, 57(3), 321–326.

Kalapurakal, J. A., Goldman, S., Stellpflug, W., Curran, J., Sathiaseelan, V., Marymont, M. H., & Tomita, T. (2006). Phase I study of intraoperative radiotherapy with photon radiosurgery system in children with recurrent brain tumors: Preliminary report of first dose level (10 Gy). International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 65(3), 800–808.

Kawano, H., Hirano, H., Yonezawa, H., Yunoue, S., Yatsushiro, K., Ogita, M., … Arita, K. (2015). Improvement in treatment results of glioblastoma over the last three decades and beneficial factors. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 29(2), 206–212.

Louis, D. N., Perry, A., Reifenberger, G., von Deimling, A., Figarella-Branger, D., Cavenee, W. K., … Ellison, D. W. (2016). The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathologica, 131(6), 803–820.

Minafra, L., & Bravatà, V. (2014). Cell and molecular response to IORT treatment. Translational Cancer Research, 3(1), 32–47.

NCCN. (2015). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology - Central Nervous System Cancers.

Niyazi, M., Brada, M., Chalmers, A. J., Combs, S. E., Erridge, S. C., Fiorentino, A., … Belka, C. (2016). ESTRO-ACROP guideline “target delineation of glioblastomas.” Radiotherapy and Oncology, 118(1), 35–42.

Seddighi, A., Akbari, M. E., Seddighi, A. S., Rakhsha, A., Vaezi, M., & Zohrevand, A. H. (2015). First experience of intraoperative radiation therapy in cerebral high grade glioma in Iran: A report of three cases and literature review. Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention, 8(5).

Shcherbuk, I., Shcherbuk, Ai., Eroshenko, M., Tokarev, S., Ivanov, V., & Dovgopolaia, K. (2014). Intraoperative photon therapy in combination with mapping of motoric cerebral cortex in surgery of metastatic tumours of functionally significant zones of the large hemispheres of the brain. Vestn Khir Im I I Grek, 173(1), 47–50.

Sologuren, I., Rodríguez-Gallego, C., & Lara, P. C. (2014). Immune effects of high dose radiation treatment: implications of ionizing radiation on the development of bystander and abscopal effects. Transl Cancer Res, 3(1), 18–31.

Takakura, K., & Kubo, O. (2000). Treatment of malignant brain tumors. Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy, 27 Suppl 2, 449–53.

Weil, R. J., Mavinkurve, G. G., Chao, S. T., Vogelbaum, M. a, Suh, J. H., Kolar, M., & Toms, S. a. (2015). Intraoperative radiotherapy to treat newly diagnosed solitary brain metastasis: initial experience and long-term outcomes. Journal of Neurosurgery, 122(4), 825–832.

Wang, M., Maier, P., Wenz, F., Giordano, F. A., & Herskind, C. (2013). Mitogenic signalling in the absence of epidermal growth factor receptor activation in a human glioblastoma cell line. Journal of Neuro-Oncology, 115(3), 323–331.

Zamzuri, I., Rahman, G. I., Muzaimi, M., Jafri, a M., Nik Ruzman, N. I., Lutfi, Y. a, … Mar, W. (2012). Polymodal therapy for high grade gliomas: a case report of favourable outcomes following intraoperative radiation therapy. The Medical Journal of Malaysia, 67(1), 121–2.

2. Breast Cancer

Alvarado, M. D., Mohan, A. J., Esserman, L. J., Park, C. C., Harrison, B. L., Howe, R. J., … Ozanne, E. M. (2013). Cost-effectiveness analysis of intraoperative radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 20(9), 2873–80.

Alvarado, M. D., Conolly, J., Park, C., Sakata, T., Mohan, A. J., Harrison, B. L., … Ozanne, E. M. (2014). Patient preferences regarding intraoperative versus external beam radiotherapy following breast-conserving surgery. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 143(1), 135–140.

Andersen, K. G., Gärtner, R., Kroman, N., Flyger, H., Kehlet, H. (2012). Persistent pain after targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT) or external breast radiotherapy for breast cancer: A randomized trial. The Breast, 21(1), 46–49.

Armoogum, K., Parry, J., Mackay, C., Thompson, A., Vaidya, J., Ackland, C., … Munro, A. (2007). Measurement of Skin Dose from Very Low Energy X-rays during Partial Breast Irradiation. Clinical Oncology, 19(3), S23.

Darby, S. C., Ewertz, M., McGale, P., Bennet, A. M., Blom-Goldman, U., Brønnum, D., … Hall, P. (2013). Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Women after Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 368(11), 987–998

Elsberger, B., Romsauerova, A., Vinnicombe, S., Whelehan, P., Brown, D. C., Dewar, J. A., … Evans, A. (2014). Comparison of mammographic findings after intraoperative radiotherapy or external beam whole breast radiotherapy. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 40(2), 163–167.

Esposito, E., Anninga, B., Harris, S., Capasso, I., D’Aiuto, M., Rinaldo, M., Douek, M. (2015). Intraoperative radiotherapy in early breast cancer. British Journal of Surgery, 102(6), 599–610.

Esposito, E., Anninga, B., Honey, I., Ross, G., Rainsbury, D., Laws, S., … Douek, M. (2015). Is IORT ready for roll-out? Ecancermedicalscience, 9, 516.

Esserman, L. J., Alvarado, M. D., Howe, R. J., Mohan, A. J., Harrison, B., Park, C., … Ozanne, E. M. (2014). Application of a decision analytic framework for adoption of clinical trial results: Are the data regarding TARGIT-A IORT ready for prime time? Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 144(2), 371–378.

Grobmyer, S. R., Lightsey, J. L., Bryant, C. M., Shaw, C., Yeung, A., Bhandare, N., … Copeland, E. M. (2013). Low-kilovoltage, single-dose intraoperative radiation therapy for breast cancer: Results and impact on a multidisciplinary breast cancer program. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 216(4), 617–624.

Holmes, D. R., Baum, M., Joseph, D. (2007). The TARGIT trial: targeted intraoperative radiation therapy versus conventional postoperative whole-breast radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for the management of early-stage invasive breast cancer (a trial update). American Journal of Surgery, 194(4), 507–510.

Holmes, D. R. (2014). Intraoperative radiotherapy in breast conserving surgery. Journal of Surgical Oncology, 110(1), 68–74.

Holmes, D. R. (2015). Intraoperative Radiotherapy of the Breast for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Ready for Primetime. The Breast Journal, 21(2), 181–184.

Keshtgar, M. R. S., Vaidya, J. S., Tobias, J. S., Wenz, F., Joseph, D., Stacey, C., … Baum, M. (2011). Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer in Patients in Whom External Beam Radiation Is Not Possible. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 80(1), 31–38.

Keshtgar, M. R. S., Williams, N. R., Bulsara, M., Saunders, C., Flyger, H., Cardoso, J. S., … Joseph, D. J. (2013). Objective assessment of cosmetic outcome after targeted intraoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer: results from a randomised controlled trial. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 140(3), 519–525.

Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Bauer, L., Kehrer, T., Hermann, B., Melchert, F., Wenz, F. (2006). Intraoperative Radiotherapy (IORT) as a Boost in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer – Acute Toxicity. Oncology Research and Treatment, 29(3), 77–82.

Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Bauer, L., Scheda, A., Fleckenstein, K., Keller, A., Herskind, C., … Wenz, F. (2006). Long-term toxicity of an intraoperative radiotherapy boost using low energy X-rays during breast-conserving surgery. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 66(2), 377–381.

Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Bauer, L., Scheda, A., Schoeber, C., Schaefer, J., Steil, V., Wenz, F. (2007). Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) is an option for patients with localized breast recurrences after previous external-beam radiotherapy. BMC Cancer, 7(1), 178.

Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Welzel, G., Brade, J., Hermann, B., Siebenlist, K., Wasser, K. S., … Wenz, F. (2010). Postoperative Seroma Formation After Intraoperative Radiotherapy Using Low-Kilovoltage X-Rays Given During Breast-Conserving Surgery. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 77(4), 1140–1145 .

Lim, S. Z., Yong, W. S., Ho, G. H., Madhukumar, P., Wong, F. Y., Chua, E. T., … Ong, K. W. (2014). Early experience with INTRABEAM intra-operative radiotherapy in an Asian population. European Journal of Cancer, 50, S214–S215.

Malter, W., Kirn, V., Richters, L., Fridrich, C., Markiefka, B., Bongartz, R., … Kraemer, S. (2014). Intraoperative Boost Radiotherapy during Targeted Oncoplastic Breast Surgery: Overview and Single Center Experiences. International Journal of Breast Cancer, 1–6.

Massa, M., Franchelli, S., Panizza, R., Massa, T. (2016). Is current clinical practice modified about intraoperative breast irradiation? Chinese Journal of Cancer Research, 28(2), 146–149.

Merdad, A. A., Bahadur, Y. A., Fawzy, E. E., Hassouna, A. H., Eltaher, M. M., Alghaithy, Z. K., … Constantinescu, C. T. (2013). Phase II study on the use of intraoperative radiotherapy in early breast cancer. Saudi Medical Journal, 34(11), 1133–8.

Mooney, H. (2014). NICE gives go ahead to intrabeam radiotherapy for breast cancer. BMJ, 349(jul28 6), g4863–g4863.

Pan, L., Zheng, W., Ye, X., Chen, L., Ke, Y., Wan, M., … Zhang, X. (2014). A novel approach of INTRABEAM intraoperative radiotherapy for nipple-sparing mastectomy with breast reconstruction. Clinical Breast Cancer, 14(6), 435–441.

Picot, J., Copley, V., Colquitt, J. L., Kalita, N., Hartwell, D., Bryant, J. (2015). The INTRABEAM^® photon radiotherapy system for the adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer: A systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technology Assessment, 19(69), 1–190.

Preuss, J., Lester, L., Saunders, C. (2012). BCCT.core – Can a computer program be used for the assessment of aesthetic outcome after breast reconstructive surgery? The Breast, 21(4), 597–600.

Rivera, R., Banks, A., Casillas-Lopez, A., Rashtian, A., Lewinsky, B., Sheth, P., … Holmes, D. R. (2016). Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy for the Management of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast. The Breast Journal, 22(1), 63–74.

Ruano-Ravina, A., Cantero-Muñoz, P., Eraso Urién, A. (2011). Efficacy and safety of intraoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer: A systematic review. Cancer Letters, 313(1), 15–25.

Sedlmayer, F., Zehentmayr, F., Fastner, G. (2013). Partial breast re-irradiation for local recurrence of breast carcinoma: Benefit and long term side effects. The Breast, 22, S141–S146.

Sperk, E., Welzel, G., Keller, A., Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Gerhardt, A., Sütterlin, M., Wenz, F. (2012). Late radiation toxicity after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for breast cancer: results from the randomized phase III trial TARGIT A. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 135(1), 253–260.

Sperk, E., Astor, D., Keller, A., Welzel, G., Gerhardt, A., Tuschy, B., … Wenz, F. (2014). A cohort analysis to identify eligible patients for intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) of early breast cancer. Radiation Oncology, 9(1), 154.

Vaidya, J. S., Baum, M., Tobias, J. S., Massarut, S., Wenz, F., Murphy, O., … Joseph, D. (2006). Targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT) yields very low recurrence rates when given as a boost. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 66(5), 1335–1338.

Vaidya, J. S., Joseph, D. J., Tobias, J. S., Bulsara, M., Wenz, F., Saunders, C., … Baum, M. (2010). Targeted intraoperative radiotherapy versus whole breast radiotherapy for breast cancer (TARGIT-A trial): an international, prospective, randomised, non-inferiority phase 3 trial. The Lancet, 376(9735), 91–102.

Vaidya, J. S., Baum, M., Tobias, J. S., Wenz, F., Massarut, S., Keshtgar, M., … Joseph, D. (2011). Long-Term Results of Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy (Targit) Boost During Breast-Conserving Surgery. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 81(4), 1091–1097.

Vaidya, J. (2013). “1-stop” radiotherapy could offer an alternative to lengthy and inconvenient post-surgery procedures for breast cancer

Vaidya, J. S., Wenz, F., Bulsara, M., Tobias, J. S., Joseph, D. J., Keshtgar, M., … Baum, M. (2014). Risk-adapted targeted intraoperative radiotherapy versus whole-breast radiotherapy for breast cancer: 5-year results for local control and overall survival from the TARGIT-A randomised trial. The Lancet, 383(9917), 603–613.

Vaidya, J. S., Bulsara, M., Wenz, F., Joseph, D., Saunders, C., Massarut, S., … Baum, M. (2015). Pride, prejudice, or science: Attitudes towards the results of the TARGIT-A trial of targeted intraoperative radiation therapy for breast cancer. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 92(3), 491–497.

Vaidya, J. S., Bulsara, M., Wenz, F., Coombs, N., Singer, J., Ebbs, S., … Baum, M. (2016). Reduced mortality with partial breast irradiation for early breast cancer – a meta-analysis of randomised trials. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 1–7.

Valente, S. A., Tendulkar, R. D., Cherian, S., O’Rourke, C., Greif, J. M., Bailey, L., … Grobmyer, S. R. (2016). TARGIT-R (Retrospective): North American Experience with Intraoperative Radiation Using Low-Kilovoltage X-Rays for Breast Cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology.

Wasser, K., Schoeber, C., Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Bauer, L., Brade, J., Teubner, J., … Neff, W. (2007). Early mammographic and sonographic findings after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) as a boost in patients with breast cancer. European Radiology, 17(7), 1865–74.

Welzel, G., Blank, E., Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Keller, A., Vorodi, F., Herskind, C., … Wenz, F. K. (2008). The influence of the interval between IORT during breast-conserving surgery and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) on late toxicity. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 26, 630.

Welzel, G., Boch, A., Sperk, E., Hofmann, F., Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Gerhardt, A., … Wenz, F. (2013). Radiation-related quality of life parameters after targeted intraoperative radiotherapy versus whole breast radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer: results from the randomized phase III trial TARGIT-A. Radiation Oncology, 8(1), 9.

Wenz, F., Welzel, G., Keller, A., Blank, E., Vorodi, F., Herskind, C., … Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U. (2008). Early initiation of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) may increase the risk of long-term toxicity in patients undergoing intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) as a boost for breast cancer. Breast, 17(6), 617–622.

Wenz, F., Welzel, G., Blank, E., Hermann, B., Steil, V., Sütterlin, M., Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U. (2010). Intraoperative Radiotherapy as a Boost During Breast-Conserving Surgery Using Low-Kilovoltage X-Rays: The First 5 Years of Experience With a Novel Approach. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 77(5), 1309–1314.

Wenz, F., Blank, E., Welzel, G., Hofmann, F., Astor, D., Neumaier, C., … Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U. (2012). Intraoperative radiotherapy during breast-conserving surgery using a miniature x-ray generator (Intrabeam ® ): theoretical and experimental background and clinical experience. Women’s Health, 8(1), 39–47.

Wenz, F., Sedlmayer, F., Herskind, C., Welzel, G., Sperk, E., Neumaier, C., … Sütterlin, M. (2015). Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation in Clinical Practice. Breast Care, 10(4), 247–252.

Williams, N. R., Pigott, K. H., Brew-Graves, C., Keshtgar, M. R. S. (2014). Intraoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer. Gland Surgery, 3(2), 109–119.

3. Spinal Metastases

Berenson, J., Pflugmacher, R., ..., Jarzem, P. (2011) Cancer Patient Fracture Evaluation (CAFE) lnvestigators. Balloon kyphoplasty versus non-surgical fracture management for treatment of painful vertebral body compression fractures in patients with cancer: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncology, 12(3), 225-35.

Bludau, F., Obertacke, U., Schmidt, R. (2012). First middle-term results after Kypho-IORT. European Spine Journal, 21(11), 2332.

Bludau, F. (2014). Kypho-IORT: Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Spinal Metastases: Nine-Month Clinical Results. The Spine Journal, 14(11), S163

Bludau, F., Reis, T., Schneider, F., Clausen, S., Wenz, F., Obertacke, U. (2015). Kyphoplastie kombiniert mit intraoperativer Radiotherapie (Kypho-IORT). Der Radiologe, 55(10), 859–867.

Kayser, R., Ender, S. A., Asse, E., Wilhelm, E., Adler, F., Schmidt, R., … Bludau, F. (2013). Kyphoplastie in Kombination mit intraoperativer Radiotherapie. Der Orthopäde, 42(9), 765–771.

Miglierini, P., Dam-Hieu, P., Key, S. (2014). Kypho-IORT: the first French treatment. Translational Cancer Research, 3(1).

Reis, T., Schneider, F., Hermann, B., Bohrer, M., Schmitt, R., Obertacke, U., Wenz, F. (2010). Kypho-IORT: A novel treatment of spinal metastases with intraoperative radiotherapy during kyphoplasty. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 78(3), S581–S582.

Reis, T., Schneider, F., Welzel, G., Schmidt, R., Bludau, F., Obertacke, U., Wenz, F. (2012). Intraoperative radiotherapy during kyphoplasty for vertebral metastases (Kypho-IORT): first clinical results. Tumori, 98(4), 434–40.

Reis, T., Sperk, E., Schneider, F., Schmidt, R., Obertacke, U., Wenz, F. (2012). Kypho-IORT for spinal metastasis: a case study. Hospital Oncology & Haematology Europe, Campden Publishing Ltd, Apr, 21-24.

Schmidt, R., Obertacke, U., Wenz, F., Reis, T., Schneider, F. (2010). Clinical feasibility of a new minimal invasive intraoperative radiation in combination with balloon kyphoplasty (Kypho-IORT) for spinal metastases. European Spine Journal, 19(11), 2049.

Schmidt, R., Wenz, F., Reis, T., Janik, K., Bludau, F., Obertacke, U. (2012). Kyphoplasty and intra-operative radiotheray, combination of kyphoplasty and intra-operative radiation for spinal metastases: technical feasibility of a novel approach. International Orthopaedics, 36(6), 1255–1260.

Schneider, F., Greineck, F., Clausen, S., Mai, S., Obertacke, U., Reis, T., Wenz, F. (2011). Development of a Novel Method for Intraoperative Radiotherapy During Kyphoplasty for Spinal Metastases (Kypho-IORT). International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 81(4), 1114–1119.

Wenz, F., Schneider, F., Neumaier, C., Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Reis, T., Schmidt, R., Obertacke, U. (2010). Kypho-IORT - a novel approach of intraoperative radiotherapy during kyphoplasty for vertebral metastases. Radiation Oncology, 5(1), 11.

4. Non-melanoma Skin Cancer

Amini, S., Viera, M. H., Valins, W., Berman, B. (2010). Nonsurgical innovations in the treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 3(6), 20–34.

Armoogum, K., Parry, J., Mackay, C., Thompson, A., Vaidya, J., Ackland, C., … Munro, A. (2007). Measurement of Skin Dose from Very Low Energy X-rays during Partial Breast Irradiation. Clinical Oncology, 19(3), S23.

Bhatnagar, A., Loper, A. (2010). The initial experience of electronic brachytherapy for the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer. Radiation Oncology (London, England), 5, 87.

Chan, S., Dhadda, A.S. (2007) Swindell, R., Single fraction radiotherapy for small superficial carcinoma of the skin. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol), 19(4), 256-9.

Cognetta, A. B., Howard, B. M., Heaton, H. P., Stoddard, E. R., Hong, H. G., Green, W. H. (2012). Superficial x-ray in the treatment of basal and squamous cell carcinomas: a viable option in select patients. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 67(6), 1235–41.

Bodner, W. R., Hilaris, B. S., Alagheband, M., Safai, B., Mastoras, C. A., Saraf, S. (2003). Use of low-energy X-rays in the treatment of superficial nonmelanomatous skin cancers. Cancer Investigation, 21(3), 355–362.

Ducassou, A. (2015). First experience of skin treatments with INTRABEAM at IUCT Oncopole Toulouse. In ESTRO proceeding.

Ermertcan, A. T., Hellings, P. W., Cingi, C. (2012). Nonmelanoma skin cancer of the head and neck: nonsurgical treatment. Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, 20(4), 445–54.

Goubert, M., Parent, L. (2015). Dosimetric characterization of INTRABEAM® miniature accelerator flat and surface applicators for dermatologic applications. Physica Medica, 31(3), 224–232.

Jankarashvili, N., Topeshashvili, M. (2015). Treatment of skin cancer with intrabeam. 9th ZEISS INTRABEAM User Meeting.

Levell, N. J., Igali, L., Wright, K. A., Greenberg, D. C. (2013). Basal cell carcinoma epidemiology in the UK: the elephant in the room. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 38(4), 367–9.

Nguyen, T. H., Ho, D. Q.-D. (2002). Nonmelanoma skin cancer. Current Treatment Options in Oncology, 3(3), 193–203.

Perkins, J. L., Liu, Y., Mitby, P. A., Neglia, J. P., Hammond, S., Stovall, M., … Mertens, A. C. (2005). Nonmelanoma skin cancer in survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 23(16), 3733–41.

Tward, J.D., Anker, C, J,. Gaffney, D.K., Bowen, G. . (2012). Radiation Therapy and Skin Cancer. Modern Practices in Radiation Therapy, 207–246.

5. Gastrointestinal Tumors

Algur, E., Mahadevan, A., Deibel, C. (2005). Interstitial photon radiosurgery system for re-current and locally advanced rectal cancer: a retrospective review of 24 patients. ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, Jan 27–29, Hollywood, Florida, USA, Abstract No 208.

Guo, S., Reddy, C. A., Kolar, M., Woody, N., Mahadevan, A., Deibel, F., … Suh, J. H. (2012). Intraoperative radiation therapy with the photon radiosurgery system in locally advanced and recurrent rectal cancer: retrospective review of the Cleveland clinic experience. Radiation Oncology, 7(1), 110.

Haddock, M. G. (2016). Irradiation of Very Locally Advanced and Recurrent Rectal Cancer. Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 26(3), 226–235.

Lyadov, K., Krymskiy, V., Markin, A., Krymskiy, A. (2008). Evaluation of safety of intraoperative radiotherapy using the intra beam system in combined treatment of gastric cancer. Poster Abstract Presented at the ISIORT Meeting.

Lyadov, K., Yu, S., Krymskiy, V., Krymskiy, A. (2008). Improvement of Curativity of Video-Assisted Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Due to Intra-Operative Contact Radiotherapy Using the INTRA BEAM System. ISIORT.

Polkowski, W. P., Skórzewska, M. (2014). Intraoperative Radiotherapy with Low-Energy Photons in Rectal Cancer Recurrence. (M. Keshtgar, K. Pigott, & F. Wenz, Eds.), Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Oncology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Potemin, S., Uvarov, I., Vasilenko, I. (2015). Intraoperative radiotherapy in locally-advanced and recurrent rectal cancer: retrospective review of 68 cases. Transl Cancer Res, 4(2), 189–195.

Skórzewska, M., Mielko, J., Kurylcio, A., Romanek, J., Polkowski, W. P. (2016). Intraoperative radiotherapy with low energy photons in recurrent colorectal cancer: a single centre retrospective study. Współczesna Onkologia, 20(1), 52–57.

Susko, M., Lee, J., Salama, J., Thomas, S., Uronis, H., Hsu, D., … Palta, M. (2016). The Use of Re-irradiation in Locally Recurrent, Non-metastatic Rectal Cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology.

6. Head & Neck Tumors

Abo-Madyan, Y., Gößler, U., Vent, J., Nwankwo, C., Schneider, F., Hörmann, K., Wenz, F. (2013). Intraoperative Radiotherapie for recurrent Head & Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma using a mobile 50kV mini accelerator. DEGRO 2013, Poster.

Chen, A. M., Bucci, M. K., Singer, M. I., Garcia, J., Kaplan, M. J., Chan, A. S., Phillips, T. L. (2007). Intraoperative radiation therapy for recurrent head-and-neck cancer: The UCSF experience. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 67(1), 122–129.

De Felice, F., Musio, D., Tombolini, V. (2016). Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in recurrent head and neck cancer. Oral Oncology, 55(March), e1.

Münter, M. W., Köppen, U., Ramuscak, A., Sittel, C., Wegner, N. (2015). Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in the treatment of head and neck cancer. Transl Cancer Res, 4(2), 178–181.

Roopashri, G., Baig, M. (2013). Current advances in radiotherapy of head and neck malignancies. Journal of International Oral Health, 5(6), 119–23.

Rutkowski, T., Wygoda, A., Hutnik, M., Składowski, K., Wydmański, J., Maciejewski, A., … Maciejewski, B. (2010). Intraoperative Radiotherapy (IORT) with Low-Energy Photons as a Boost in Patients with Early-Stage Oral Cancer with the Indications for Postoperative Radiotherapy. Strahlentherapie Und Onkologie, 186(9), 496–501.

7. Medical Physics

Armoogum, K. S., Parry, J. M., Souliman, S. K., Sutton, D. G., Mackay, C. D. (2007). Functional intercomparison of intraoperative radiotherapy equipment - Photon Radiosurgery System. Radiation Oncology, 2(1), 11.

Eaton, D. J., Duck, S. (2010). Dosimetry measurements with an intra-operative x-ray device. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 55(12), N359–N369.

Eaton, D. J., Gonzalez, R., Duck, S., Keshtgar, M. (2011). Radiation protection for an intra-operative X-ray device. The British Journal of Radiology, 84(1007), 1034–1039.

Eaton, D. J., Best, B., Brew-Graves, C., Duck, S., Ghaus, T., Gonzalez, R., … Keshtgar, M. R. S. (2012). In Vivo Dosimetry for Single-Fraction Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy (TARGIT) for Breast Cancer. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 82(5), e819–e824.

Eaton, D. J. (2012). Quality assurance and independent dosimetry for an intraoperative x-ray device. Medical Physics, 39(11), 6908.

Ebert, M. A., Asad, A. H., Siddiqui, S. A. (2009). Suitability of radiochromic films for dosimetry of very-low energy X-rays. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics / American College of Medical Physics, 10(4), 2957.

Cardoso, M. J., Cardoso, J. S., Oliveira, H. P., Gouveia, P. (2016). The breast cancer conservative treatment. Cosmetic results – BCCT.core – Software for objective assessment of esthetic outcome in breast cancer conservative treatment: A narrative review. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 126, 154–159.

Chiavassa, S., Buge, F., Hervé, C., Delpon, G., Rigaud, J., Lisbona, A., Supiot, S. (2015). Monte Carlo evaluation of the effect of inhomogeneities on dose calculation for low energy photons intra-operative radiation therapy in pelvic area. Physica Medica, 31(8), 956–962.

Darby, S. C., Ewertz, M., McGale, P., Bennet, A. M., Blom-Goldman, U., Brønnum, D., … Hall, P. (2013). Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Women after Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 368(11), 987–998.

Eaton, D. J., Earner, B., Faulkner, P., Dancer, N. (2013). A national dosimetry audit of intraoperative radiotherapy. The British Journal of Radiology, 86(1032), 20130447.

Emami, B., Woloschak, G., Small Jr, W. (2015). Beyond the linear quadratic model : intraoperative radiotherapy and normal tissue tolerance. Transl Cancer Res, 4(2), 140–147.

Goubert, M., Parent, L. (2015). Dosimetric characterization of INTRABEAM^® miniature accelerator flat and surface applicators for dermatologic applications. Physica Medica, 31(3), 224–232.

Härtl, P. M., Dobler, B., Kölbl, O., Treutwein, M. (2009). Praktische Dosimetrie und Konstanzprüfung zur Einführung der intraoperativen Bestrahlung mit Intrabeam^®(Zeiss). Zeitschrift Für Medizinische Physik, 19(4), 288–293.

Hill, R., Healy, B., Holloway, L., Kuncic, Z., Thwaites, D., Baldock, C. (2014). Advances in kilovoltage x-ray beam dosimetry. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 59(6), R183–R231.

Keshtgar, M. R. S., Williams, N. R., Bulsara, M., Saunders, C., Flyger, H., Cardoso, J. S., … Joseph, D. J. (2013). Objective assessment of cosmetic outcome after targeted intraoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer: results from a randomised controlled trial. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 140(3), 519–525.

Lam, S. C. P., Xu, Y., Ingram, G., Chong, L. (2014). Dosimetric characteristics of INTRABEAM ® flat and surface applicators. Translational Cancer Research, 3(1), 106–111.

Lam, S. C. P., Xu, Y., West, M. (2016). Shielding Effects on Low-KVIORT Forward Projecting Applicators. EC Cancer, 2(1), 64–75.

Muralidhar, K. R., Rout, B., Mallikarjuna, A., Poornima, A., Murthy, P. N. (2014). Commissioning and quality assurances of the Intrabeam Intra-Operative radiotherapy unit. International Journal of Cancer Therapy and Oncology, 2(4), 20415.

Nwankwo, O., Clausen, S., Schneider, F., Wenz, F. (2013). A virtual source model of a kilo-voltage radiotherapy device. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(7), 2363–2375.

Preuss, J., Lester, L., Saunders, C. (2012). BCCT.core – Can a computer program be used for the assessment of aesthetic outcome after breast reconstructive surgery? The Breast, 21(4), 597–600.

Price, C., Pederson, A., Frazier, C., Duttenhaver, J. (2013). In vivo dosimetry with optically stimulated dosimeters and RTQA2 radiochromic film for intraoperative radiotherapy of the breast. Medical Physics, 40(9), 91716.

Schneider, F., Clausen, S., Jahnke, A., Steil, V., Bludau, F., Sütterlin, M., … Wenz, F. (2014). Radiation protection for an intraoperative X-ray source compared to C-arm fluoroscopy. Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Physik, 24(3), 243–251.

Schneider, F., Clausen, S., Thölking, J., Wenz, F., Abo-Madyan, Y. (2014). A novel approach for superficial intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) using a 50 kV X-ray source: a technical and case report. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics / American College of Medical Physics, 15(1), 4502.

Sethi, A., Chinsky, B., Gros, S., Diak, A. (2015). Tissue inhomogeneity corrections in low-kV intra-operative radiotherapy (IORT). Translational Cancer Research, 4(2), 182–188.

Steenbeke, F., Gevaert, T., Tournel, K., Engels, B., Verellen, D., Storme, G., Ridder, M. D. (2015). Quality Assurance of a 50-kV Radiotherapy Unit Using EBT3 GafChromic Film: A Feasibility Study. Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, 15(1), 163–70.

Watson, P. G. F., Seuntjens, J. (2016). Technical Note: Effect of explicit M and N-shell atomic transitions on a low-energy x-ray source. Medical Physics, 43(4), 1760–1763.

Wuu, C.-S., Sheu, R.-D., Chen, J. (2015). Microdosimetric characteristics of 50 kV X rays at different depths for breast intraoperative radiotherapy. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 166(1–4), 343–6.

8. Radiobiology

Belletti, B., Vaidya, J. S., D’Andrea, S., Entschladen, F., Roncadin, M., Lovat, F., … Massarut, S. (2008). Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy Impairs the Stimulation of Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion Caused by Surgical Wounding. Clinical Cancer Research, 14(5), 1325–1332.

Fabris, L., Berton, S., Citron, F., D’Andrea, S., Segatto, I., Nicoloso, M. S., … Belletti, B. (2016). Radiotherapy-induced miR-223 prevents relapse of breast cancer by targeting the EGF pathway. Oncogene, (February 2016), 1–13.

Herskind, C., Griebel, J., Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Wenz, F. (2008). Sphere of Equivalence—A Novel Target Volume Concept for Intraoperative Radiotherapy Using Low-Energy X Rays. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 72(5), 1575–1581.

Herskind, C., Schalla, S., Hahn, E. W., Höver, K.-H., ..., Wenz, F. (2006). "Influence of different dose rates on cell recovery and RBE at different spatial positions during protracted conformal radiotherapy." Radiation protection dosimetry, 122 (1-4), 498-505.

Herskind, C., Wenz, F. (2010). Radiobiological Comparison of Hypofractionated Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation (APBI) and Single-Dose Intraoperative Radiotherapy (IORT) with 50-kV X-Rays. Strahlentherapie Und Onkologie, 186(8), 444–451.

Herskind, C., Wenz, F. (2014). Radiobiological aspects of intraoperative tumour-bed irradiation with low-energy X-rays ( LEX-IORT ). Transl Cancer Res, 3(1), 3–17.

Liu, Q., Schneider, F., Ma, L., Wenz, F., Herskind, C. (2013). Relative Biologic Effectiveness (RBE) of 50 kV X-rays Measured in a Phantom for Intraoperative Tumor-Bed Irradiation. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 85(4), 1127–1133.

Minafra, L., Bravatà, V. (2014). Cell and molecular response to IORT treatment. Translational Cancer Research, 3(1), 32–47.

Sologuren, I., Rodríguez-gallego, C., Lara, P. C. (2014). Immune effects of high dose radiation treatment: implications of ionizing radiation on the development of bystander and abscopal effects. Transl Cancer Res, 3(1), 18–31.

Woolf, D. K., Williams, N. R., Bakshi, R., Madani, S. Y., Eaton, D. J., Fawcitt, S., … Keshtgar, M. (2014). Biological dosimetry for breast cancer radiotherapy: a comparison of external beam and intraoperative radiotherapy. SpringerPlus, 3, 329.

9. Quality of Life & Cosmetic Outcome

Coombs, N. J., Coombs, J. M., Vaidya, U. J., Singer, J., Bulsara, M., Tobias, J. S., … Vaidya, J. S. (2016). Environmental and social benefits of the targeted intraoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer: data from UK TARGIT-A trial centres and two UK NHS hospitals offering TARGIT IORT. BMJ Open, 6(5).

Corica, T., Joseph, D., Saunders, C., Bulsara, M., Nowak, A. K. (2014). Intraoperative radiotherapy for early breast cancer: do health professionals choose convenience or risk? Radiation Oncology, 9(1), 1–9.

Corica, T., Nowak, A. K., Saunders, C. M., Bulsara, M., Taylor, M., Vaidya, J. S., … Joseph, D. J. (2016). Cosmesis and Breast-Related Quality of Life Outcomes After Intraoperative Radiation Therapy for Early Breast Cancer: A Substudy of the TARGIT-A Trial. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 96(1), 55–64.

Cardoso, M. J., Cardoso, J. S., Oliveira, H. P., Gouveia, P. (2016). The breast cancer conservative treatment. Cosmetic results – BCCT.core – Software for objective assessment of esthetic outcome in breast cancer conservative treatment: A narrative review. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 126, 154–159.

Cracco, S., Semprini, G., Cattin, F., Gregoraci, G., Zeppieri, M., Isola, M., … Parodi, P. C. (2015). Impact of Intraoperative Radiotherapy on Cosmetic Outcome and Complications after Oncoplastic Breast Surgery. The Breast Journal, 21(3), 285–290

Keshtgar, M. R. S., Williams, N. R., Bulsara, M., Saunders, C., Flyger, H., Cardoso, J. S., … Joseph, D. J. (2013). Objective assessment of cosmetic outcome after targeted intraoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer: results from a randomised controlled trial. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 140(3), 519–525.

Massa, M., Meszaros, P., Baldelli, I., Bisso, N., Franchelli, S. (2015). Aesthetic evaluation in oncoplastic and conservative breast surgery: a comparative analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open, 3(3), e339.

Ng, J., Dai, T. (2016). Radiation therapy and the abscopal effect: a concept comes of age. Annals of Translational Medicine, 4(6), 118–118.

Soror, T., Kovács, G., Kovács, Á., Seibold, N., Melchert, C., Baumann, K., … Stojanovic-Rundic, S. (2016). New objective method in reporting the breast cosmesis after breast-conservative treatment based on nonstandardized photographs: The Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale. Brachytherapy, [Epub ahead of print].

Welzel, G., Hofmann, F., Blank, E., Kraus-Tiefenbacher, U., Hermann, B., Sütterlin, M., Wenz, F. (2010). Health-Related Quality of Life After Breast-Conserving Surgery and Intraoperative Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer Using Low-Kilovoltage X-rays. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 17(S3), 359–367.

Yu, T., Eom, K. Y., Jang, N. Y., Kim, K. S., Koo, T. R., Kwon, J., … Kim, I. A. (2016). Objective measurement of cosmetic outcomes of breast conserving therapy using BCCT.core. Cancer Research and Treatment, 48(2), 491–498.

10. General IORT

Biggs, D. S., Thomson, E. S. (1996). Radiation properties of a miniature X-ray device for radiosurgery. The British Journal of Radiology, 69(822), 544–7.

Calvo, F. A., Sole, C. V, González, M. E., Tangco, E. D., López-Tarjuelo, J., Koubychine, I., … Ferrer, C. (2013). Research opportunities in intraoperative radiation therapy: the next decade 2013–2023. Clinical and Translational Oncology, 15(9), 683–690.

Coles, C. E., Yarnold, J. R. (2016). Accelerated partial breast irradiation: the new standard? The Lancet, 387(10015), 201–202.

Debenham, B. J., Hu, K. S., Harrison, L. B. (2013). Present status and future directions of intraoperative radiotherapy. The Lancet Oncology, 14(11), e457–e464.

Eaton, D. J. (2015). Electronic brachytherapy—current status and future directions. The British Journal of Radiology, 88(1049), 20150002.

Holmes, D. R. (2015). Intraoperative Radiotherapy of the Breast for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Ready for Primetime. The Breast Journal, 21(2), 181–184.

Mooney, H. (2014). NICE gives go ahead to intrabeam radiotherapy for breast cancer. BMJ, 349(jul28 6), g4863–g4863.

Kalakota, K., Small, W. (2014). Intraoperative radiation therapy techniques and options for breast cancer. Expert Review of Medical Devices, 11(3), 265–73.

Paolo, V., De Lorenzi Francesca, Pietro, L., Mario, R., Umberto, V. (2016). Current Trends in the Oncologic and Surgical Managements of Breast Cancer in Women with Implants: Incidence, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 40(2), 256–265.

Picot, J., Copley, V., Colquitt, J. L., Kalita, N., Hartwell, D., Bryant, J. (2015). The INTRABEAM^® photon radiotherapy system for the adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer: A systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technology Assessment, 19(69), 1–190.

Thariat, J., Hannoun-Levi, J.-M., Sun Myint, A., Vuong, T., Gérard, J.-P. (2012). Past, present, and future of radiotherapy for the benefit of patients. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, 10(1), 52–60.

Tobias, J. S., Vaidya, J. S., Keshtgar, M., D’Souza, D. P., Baum, M. (2004). Reducing radiotherapy dose in early breast cancer: the concept of conformal intraoperative brachytherapy. The British Journal of Radiology, 77(916), 279–84.

11. Guidelines

AGO. (2014). Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Primary and Metastatic Breast Cancer, Guidelines(Ver. 1).

Aetna. (2015). Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT).

DEGRO. (n.d.). Leitlinie zur Weiterbildung zum Facharzt für Strahlentherapie.

Gnant, M., Harbeck, N., Thomssen, C. (2011). St. Gallen 2011: Summary of the consensus discussion. Breast Care, 6(2), 136–141.

Goldhirsch, A., Wood, W. C., Coates, A. S., Gelber, R. D., Thürlimann, B., Senn, H. J. (2011). Strategies for subtypes-dealing with the diversity of breast cancer: Highlights of the St Gallen international expert consensus on the primary therapy of early breast cancer 2011. Annals of Oncology, 22(8), 1736–1747.

NCCN. (2015). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology - Breast Cancer.

NCCN. (2016). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology - Colon Cancer.

NCCN. (2016). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology - Rectal Cancer.

Polgár, C., Limbergen, E. Van, Pötter, R., Kovács, G., Polo, A., Lyczek, J., … Strnad, V. (2010). Patient selection for accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) after breast-conserving surgery: Recommendations of the Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie-European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (GEC-ESTRO) breast cancer working group. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 94(3), 264–273.

Sedlmayer, F., Sautter-Bihl, M. L., Budach, W., Dunst, J., Fastner, G., Feyer, P., … Sauer, R. (2013). DEGRO practical guidelines: Radiotherapy of breast cancer I: Radiotherapy following breast conserving therapy for invasive breast cancer. Strahlentherapie Und Onkologie, 189(10), 825–833.

Smith, B. D., Arthur, D. W., Buchholz, T. A., Haffty, B. G., Hahn, C. A., Hardenbergh, P. H., … Harris, J. R. (2009). Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Consensus Statement From the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO). International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 74(4), 987–1001.

Smith, B. D., Arthur, D. W., Buchholz, T. A., Haffty, B. G., Hahn, C. A., Hardenbergh, P. H., … Harris, J. R. (2009). Accelerated partial breast irradiation consensus statement from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO). Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 209(2), 269–77.

12. Clinical Trials

Institut du Cancer de Montpellier - Val d'Aurelle. Feasibility Clinical Trial of Intraoperative Radiotherapy (IORT) and Second Breast-conserving-surgery After Local Recurrence of Breast Carcinoma. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT02386371.

Liao Ning. Intra-operative Radiotherapy For Women With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Breast Cancer After Nipple-sparing Mastectomy. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT02389686.

Liao Ning. Intra-operative Radiotherapy After Breast-conversing Surgery in Treating Women With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Breast Cancer. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT02389673.

Loyola University. Combining Intraoperative Radiotherapy With Kyphoplasty for Treatment of Spinal Metastases. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT02480036.

Loyola University. Phase I Study of Low Kilovoltage Intraoperative Radiation for Patients With Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Jul 14]. NLM Identifier: NCT02599662

Universitätsmedizin Mannheim. A Multicenter Randomized Phase III Trial on INTraoperative RAdiotherapy in Newly Diagnosed GliOblastoma Multiforme (INTRAGO II). In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT02685605.

Universitätsmedizin Mannheim. INTRAGO-Intraoperative Radiotherapy for Glioblastoma - a Phase I/II Study. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT02104882.

Universitätsmedizin Mannheim. Intraoperative Radiotherapy During Kyphoplasty/Vertebroplasty (Kypho-IORT) Versus EBRT in the Treatment of Painful Vertebral Metastases - a Randomized Prospective Phase III Study -. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Jul 14]. NLM Identifier: NCT02773966.

Universitätsmedizin Mannheim. TARGIT-C(Consolidation) Prospective Phase IV Study of Intraoperative Radiotherapy (IORT) in Patients With Small Breast Cancer. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT02290782.

Universitätsmedizin Mannheim. TARGeted Intraoperative radioTherapy With the INTRABEAM-System as an Advanced Boost in Patients With Breast Cancer - A Quality Control Registry in Germany (TARGIT BQR). In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT01440010.

University College, London. An International Randomised Controlled Trial to Compare Targeted Intra-operative Radiotherapy Boost With Conventional External Beam Radiotherapy Boost After Lumpectomy for Breast Cancer in Women With a High Risk of Local Recurrence. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT01792726.

University of California, San Francisco. Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy United States (TARGIT-US) Phase IV Registry Trial: A Registry Trial of Targeted Intraoperative Radiation Therapy Following Breast-conserving Surgery. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT01570998.

University of Dundee. Intraoperative Radiotherapy (IORT) for Rectal Cancer Using the Photon Radiosurgery System (PRS): A Phase I Clinical Trial. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000- [cited 2016 Sep 06]. NLM Identifier: NCT00910494.

Media Library

Products

IORT from ZEISS

Learn more about the benefits intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) provides the treatment of cancer. Get to know the wide range of oncological indications which are already supported by ZEISS and how your radiotherapy environment can benefit through IORT from ZEISS.

INTRABEAM 600 from ZEISS

As the first fully integrated and DICOM connected treatment platform for IORT the INTRABEAM 600 from ZEISS is addressing multiple clinical needs in one solution.

How the X-ray source (XRS) of the INTRABEAM^® from ZEISS works

In this video the components and the functionality of the XRS are described. See what happens inside the XRS during the IORT treatment.

Indications

How IORT for breast cancer works

This video shows a breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with IORT and describes the different workflow steps during the treatment.

Kypho-IORT

This video shows the different workflow steps of the Kypho-IORT technique when used to treat a patient with spinal metastases.

Vertebroplasty and IORT

This video shows the different workflow steps of the combined vertebroplasty and IORT technique when used to treat a patient with spinal metastases.