Etiological treatment of peri-implantitis under a microscope aims to reduce the bacterial load within the peri-implant pocket and decontaminate it with erbium and chromium: An Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2780 nm) is used on the implant surface to promote osseointegration. Implant surfaces have changed from machined titanium to rough surfaces. Rough implant surfaces enhance implant stability in the bone, but they may create an environment for increased plaque and bacterial colonization, resulting in peri-implantitis.

Undoubtedly, microscope-enhanced periodontal and implant therapy, has reshaped clinical practice and created the potential for a higher standard of care. A microsurgical approach improves tissue preservation and handling while using specific flap design to access the defects in peri-implantitis treatment.