Fueling the Future

As the global energy landscape shifts toward sustainable and low-carbon solutions, hydrogen (H₂) is emerging as a promising fuel source for gas turbines. The transition to hydrogen not only aligns with climate goals, but also serves as a versatile energy solution that can complement renewable energy sources, providing power during dark doldrums or easing peak loads in the grid. However, to realize the full potential of hydrogen, gas turbines must be prepared to use H₂ instead of fossil fuels.

Key challenges in achieving H₂ readiness

H₂ compatibility is key to ensuring that gas turbines can operate safely and efficiently on hydrogen. This involves overcoming technical challenges such as high combustion temperatures, advanced materials, and special coatings. Given the unique combustion characteristics of hydrogen, modifications to turbine design and processes are essential to optimize the performance and reliability of future hydrogen-powered plants.

One of the biggest challenges in converting gas turbines to hydrogen as a fuel is the high temperatures generated during combustion. Hydrogen generates higher temperatures during combustion than natural gas, which leads to increased thermal stress on the turbine components. Modern materials must therefore be used that can withstand these high temperatures without compromising structural integrity.

Blades and vanes: Critical components for efficiency

The blades and vanes of gas turbines are crucial for efficient energy conversion and must be designed to handle the unique challenges posed by hydrogen combustion. Manufacturing and assembling these components requires precise inspection techniques, such as geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T), to maintain tight tolerances. Advanced materials, such as high-temperature alloys and ceramics, are essential for ensuring durability and performance under extreme conditions.