![]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.33.0,333,2000,1000.file/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.120.0,333,2000,1000.file/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.256.0,333,2000,1000.file/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.341.0,333,2000,1000.file/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.427.0,333,2000,1000.file/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.480.0,333,2000,1000.file/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1920.640.0,333,2000,1000.file/tivato-700-spine-utimate-reach-and-flexibility.jpg"})
Spine surgery
Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery
Clinical challenges in spine surgery
![]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/neurosurgery/images/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.file/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/neurosurgery/images/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.file/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/neurosurgery/images/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.file/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/neurosurgery/images/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.1024.file/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/neurosurgery/images/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.1280.file/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/neurosurgery/images/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original./intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/neurosurgery/images/intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original./intraop-nativ_c3-4-ependymom_nach-tumorresektion-square-2.png"})
![MISS – Learning a new technique]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1777.1333.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_kv_b3_manchester_3373.jpg"} "MISS – Learning a new technique")
![Selecting the right visualization for MISS]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.75.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.270.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.576.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.768.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.960.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.1080.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/specialties/spine-surgery/images/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1777.1333.112,0,1889,1333.file/spine-campaign_fy20-21_keyvis_b2_manchester_3451.jpg"} "Selecting the right visualization for MISS")
![ZEISS KINEVO 900]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/kinevo-900/images/kinevo-900-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.file/kinevo-900-square.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/kinevo-900/images/kinevo-900-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.file/kinevo-900-square.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/kinevo-900/images/kinevo-900-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.file/kinevo-900-square.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/kinevo-900/images/kinevo-900-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.1024.file/kinevo-900-square.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/kinevo-900/images/kinevo-900-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./kinevo-900-square.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/kinevo-900/images/kinevo-900-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./kinevo-900-square.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/kinevo-900/images/kinevo-900-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./kinevo-900-square.jpg"} "ZEISS KINEVO 900")
![ZEISS PENTERO 800 S]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/images/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.file/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/images/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.file/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/images/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.file/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/images/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/images/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/images/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/images/image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original./image_related_products_pentero800s.jpg"} "ZEISS PENTERO 800 S")
![ZEISS TIVATO 700]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.51,34,833,816.file/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.51,34,833,816.file/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.51,34,833,816.file/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.782.782.51,34,833,816.file/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.782.782.51,34,833,816.file/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.782.782.51,34,833,816.file/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.782.782.51,34,833,816.file/zeiss-tivato-700-square.jpg"} "ZEISS TIVATO 700")
![]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/use-of-surgical-microscopes-in-miss/preview-image.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.56.0,0,1303,733.file/preview-image.png","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/use-of-surgical-microscopes-in-miss/preview-image.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.203.0,0,1303,733.file/preview-image.png","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/use-of-surgical-microscopes-in-miss/preview-image.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.432.0,0,1303,733.file/preview-image.png","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/use-of-surgical-microscopes-in-miss/preview-image.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.576.0,0,1303,733.file/preview-image.png","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/use-of-surgical-microscopes-in-miss/preview-image.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.720.0,0,1303,733.file/preview-image.png","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/use-of-surgical-microscopes-in-miss/preview-image.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1303.733.0,0,1303,733.file/preview-image.png","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/use-of-surgical-microscopes-in-miss/preview-image.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1303.733.0,0,1303,733.file/preview-image.png"})
![]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/cervical-foraminotomy-performed-with-zeiss-tivato-700/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.56.0,1,955,538.file/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/cervical-foraminotomy-performed-with-zeiss-tivato-700/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.203.0,1,955,538.file/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/cervical-foraminotomy-performed-with-zeiss-tivato-700/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.432.0,1,955,538.file/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/cervical-foraminotomy-performed-with-zeiss-tivato-700/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.955.537.0,1,955,538.file/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/cervical-foraminotomy-performed-with-zeiss-tivato-700/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.955.537.0,1,955,538.file/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/cervical-foraminotomy-performed-with-zeiss-tivato-700/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.955.537.0,1,955,538.file/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/myzeiss/peer-insights/free/spine-surgery/cervical-foraminotomy-performed-with-zeiss-tivato-700/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.955.537.0,1,955,538.file/teaser-posterior-cervical-foram.png"})
![]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.50.91,98,1814,959.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.180.91,98,1814,959.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.384.91,98,1814,959.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1024.512.91,98,1814,959.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1280.640.91,98,1814,959.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1440.720.91,98,1814,959.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1722.861.91,98,1814,959.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg"})
![]({"xsmall":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.100.100.500,0,1500,1000.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","small":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.360.360.500,0,1500,1000.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","medium":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.768.768.500,0,1500,1000.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","large":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1000.1000.500,0,1500,1000.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","xlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1000.1000.500,0,1500,1000.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","xxlarge":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1000.1000.500,0,1500,1000.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg","max":"https://www.zeiss.com/content/dam/z/med/reference-master/product-portfolio/surgical-microscopes/tivato-700/images/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.image_file.1000.1000.500,0,1500,1000.file/ent-virtual-showroom.jpg"})
-
1
Takami, T., Naito, K., Yamagata, T., & Ohata, K. (2015). Surgical management of spinal intramedullary tumors: radical and safe strategy for benign tumors. Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 55(4), 317–327. https://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.ra.2014-0344